Cholesterol Health Tips from a Doc: Supplements, Lifestyle, Nutrition

Has your doctor told you that your cholesterol is too high? If so, you’re not alone! Over 30% of adults in the United States have hypercholesterolemia, also known as high cholesterol. 

This article will cover natural approaches to optimizing cholesterol levels, including exercise, supplements, dietary approaches, medications, etc. We’ll answer each of the following questions:

• What is cholesterol?
• Why is high cholesterol bad for you?
• How can you lower cholesterol naturally?
• Why is low cholesterol bad for you?
• How can you raise cholesterol naturally?

What Is Cholesterol?

Cholesterol is a type of fat that is made in human cells and the liver. Cholesterol is packaged into tiny particles and travels through the bloodstream to different organs in the body, where it is used to make hormones, vitamins, and digestive enzymes or bile salts. 

Some of the products the body makes from cholesterol include:

• Hormones like testosterone, estrogen, progesterone, and DHEA
• Vitamin D
• Bile salts, which help the body absorb dietary fats and fat-soluble vitamins like vitamins A, D, E, and K
• Brain tissue
• Cell membranes    

Why Is High Cholesterol Bad for You?

After reading the description above, you may be starting to understand that cholesterol is critical for the proper functioning of our bodies. But you can have too much of a good thing. 

When cholesterol fats in the bloodstream build up, the blood can become fatty and thick rather than fluid-like and watery. This isn’t good, particularly as blood tries to make its way through very small arteries to get to places like the eyes, kidneys, toes, and brain. 

Additionally, when blood is too fatty it is far more likely to form plaque in arterial walls, which can eventually clog arteries to the point where blood is not able to get through. When blood can’t travel to the organs that need it, those organs start to die due to a lack of oxygen and nutrients. 

One example of this is a heart attack, also known as myocardial infarction. Death of organ tissue due to lack of blood flow and oxygen is called “ischemia” or “ischemic damage”.

When your doctor talks to you about lowering your high cholesterol, it is because they want to protect your heart and other organs from ischemic damage, which can be deadly. 

Hopefully, you now understand why it’s so important for cholesterol to not be too high!

How High Is Too High?

The right level of cholesterol for you depends on your genetics, risk factors, lifestyle, and cardiac history. To calculate your ideal cholesterol, you and your doctor can use an online ASCVD risk calculator. 

New research suggests that cholesterol needs may vary by age and gender even more than we previously thought, making “high cholesterol” a relative term. Whatever you and your doctor decide as your target—and how quickly you need to get there to stay healthy and safe—will determine which therapy you choose to lower your cholesterol. 

People with mildly high cholesterol and no risk factors can use gentle, natural methods to lower their cholesterol slowly, while people with very high cholesterol and several dangerous risk factors may opt for prescription-strength interventions to quickly reduce their risk of a cardiovascular event due to ischemia.

How to Lower Cholesterol Naturally

If your cholesterol is mildly high and you have no risk factors, you may be able to lower your cholesterol with the following natural methods. 

Supplements

• Red yeast rice: Red yeast rice is one of the best-studied supplements for lowering cholesterol. Like statins, it can significantly lower cholesterol when taken over several months. Also, like statin drugs, it can deplete CoQ10, so it’s wise to consume a supplement that contains both red yeast rice and CoQ10. 
• Fiber: Plant fibers at doses of 5 to 10 grams per day can also lower cholesterol. You can take fiber in the form of a fiber supplement or eat high-fiber foods like figs, almonds, lentils, beans, broccoli, walnuts, potatoes, and more. 

Lifestyle

• Exercise: Regular exercise can reduce cholesterol. To lower cholesterol, aim for 30 minutes of exercise 5 times per week, including both moderately difficult aerobic exercise as well as strength training.
• Donate blood: Donating blood regularly may reduce cholesterol. 
• Quit smoking: People with high cholesterol should quit smoking to reduce their risk of cardiovascular events.

Nutrition

• Adopt a heart-healthy diet: Dietary plans like the DASH diet, Mediterranean diet, Paleo diet, and others that contain an abundance of plant and whole foods have been found to lower cholesterol over time.
• Eat less saturated fat: People with high cholesterol are advised to minimize foods high in saturated fats, like fatty meats, whole-fat dairy products, and palm oil.

Other Strategies to Lower Cholesterol Naturally

Optimize Thyroid Function

Underactive thyroid, also known as hypothyroidism, can cause hypercholesterolemia. Some people have functionally low thyroid levels due to insufficient intake of nutrients like tyrosine, selenium, iron, and iodine. You can work with a doctor or registered dietitian to determine whether this is true for you and devise a plan to fix it as part of a holistic approach.

Optimize Liver Function

Liver diseases like fatty liver can increase cholesterol levels. Some supplements that may help support liver health include milk thistle, glutathione, B vitamins, and vitamin C. Discuss these with your doctor to see if adding them to your regimen may help to improve lipid and liver health over time.

Improve Blood Sugar Control

Chronically high blood sugar and its effects on the body increase the risk for high cholesterol. To lower cholesterol naturally, consider practices for lowering blood sugar, like a low glycemic diet, regular exercise routine, adequate sleep, and intermittent fasting, if your doctor prescribes it. Some supplements may help improve insulin response and lower blood sugar, like berberine and garcinia cambogia. 

Can Your Cholesterol Be Too Low?

Yes. Remember that cholesterol is used to make brain tissue, vitamin D, cell membranes, hormones, and more. Cholesterol levels under 160mg/dL are considered functionally low by many practitioners, and total cholesterol levels below 100mg/dL are very dangerous. People with malabsorptive disorders and who’ve been taking statins without monitoring their cholesterol levels are at risk for low cholesterol.

How to Fix Low Cholesterol

Correct Malabsorption

If you have celiac disease, avoid gluten and work with a registered dietitian to design a nutrient-replete, gluten-free meal plan that corrects nutrient deficiencies while still allowing you to avoid sources of gliadin and glutenin.

If pancreatic or other enzyme deficiencies are at the root of your low cholesterol, you could consider supplementing with digestive enzymes along with a comprehensive plan recommended by your doctor.

Don’t Over-take Statins or Neglect Routine Monitoring and Follow Up

Remember, too much of a good thing is never a good thing! Long-term statin use can cause low cholesterol. When your doctor tells you that you need to follow up or get blood work in a few months to make sure your cholesterol medications are working, listen! It could save your life.

Takeaway

Cholesterol is critical for optimal body functioning—but too much or too little can lead to disease. This article gives you some great tips to discuss with your doctor when creating a whole-person plan to optimize your cholesterol levels.

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